The purpose of this study was to review the literature examining the language development of children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) and present the results. The literature was reviewed to determine whether differences in language development exist between children with CL/P and those without clefts. Relevant peer-reviewed journal articles were selected through an electronic search of the literature. The quality and the levels of the evidence represented by the studies meeting the inclusion criteria were assessed and classified. A total of eight studies relevant to the research question, involving 514 participants with and without clefts, were included as part of the review. Overall, it was found that the language abilities of children with CL/P are below those of typically developing peers. Several methodological limitations of these studies were identified. Further research is needed to confirm whether children with CL/P have a greater risk for developing a language impairment and to identify the specific factors that impact language outcomes for this population.